What is SDLC?
SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) is a structured process used for developing software applications, ensuring quality, efficiency, and alignment with user requirements. It defines a sequence of stages that software development projects go through from inception to deployment and maintenance.
Phases of SDLC
1. Requirement Gathering and Analysis
- Purpose: Understand and document the software requirements from stakeholders.
- Deliverables:
- Requirement Specification Document (SRS).
- Feasibility Study.
2. Planning
- Purpose: Outline the project plan, including timelines, resources, cost estimation, and risk management.
- Deliverables:
- Project Plan.
- Budget and resource allocation.
3. Design
- Purpose: Define the system architecture, including UI/UX design, data flow diagrams, and technical specifications.
- Deliverables:
- High-Level Design (HLD): Overall architecture.
- Low-Level Design (LLD): Detailed module specifications.
4. Development (Implementation)
- Purpose: Write and compile the code as per the design specifications.
- Activities:
- Coding using programming languages and frameworks.
- Unit testing by developers.
5. Testing
- Purpose: Validate the software against requirements to ensure it is bug-free and meets user expectations.
- Activities:
- Functional testing, Integration testing, System testing, Performance testing, etc.
- Deliverables:
- Test cases and test reports.
- Bug tracking and fixes.
6. Deployment
- Purpose: Release the software for use in a live environment.
- Types:
- Beta Deployment: For user testing in a controlled environment.
- Full Deployment: For all users.
7. Maintenance
- Purpose: Ensure software continues to operate correctly after deployment by addressing issues, implementing updates, and adding features.
- Activities:
- Bug fixes.
- Performance improvements.
- Adaptation to new requirements.
Models of SDLC
There are various SDLC models, each suited for different project needs:
1. Waterfall Model: Sequential approach; suitable for well-defined requirements.
2. Iterative Model: Develops the system through repeated cycles.
3. Spiral Model: Combines iterative development with risk assessment.
4. V-Model (Validation and Verification): Testing is planned in parallel with development stages.
5. Agile Model: Iterative and incremental; promotes flexibility and continuous feedback
Benefits of SDLC
- Clarity: Provides a structured framework to follow.
- Quality: Ensures thorough testing and validation.
- Cost-Efficiency: Helps identify risks and issues early, reducing development costs.
- Timeliness: Promotes adherence to timelines through defined processes.
In summary, SDLC is crucial for delivering high-quality software that meets user needs while staying within budget and time constraints.
