How to launch the browsers ? 

How to launch the browsers ? 

1. How to launch a chrome browser? 

Selenium 3 (Legacy Approach) using Manual ChromeDriver Setup

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

public class Selenium3ChromeLaunch {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // 1. Set system property for ChromeDriver

        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\path\\to\\chromedriver.exe");

        // 2. Initialize ChromeDriver

        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

        // 3. Navigate to URL

        driver.get("https://www.google.com");

        // 4. Get page title

        System.out.println("Page Title: " + driver.getTitle());

        // 5. Quit driver

        driver.quit();

    }

}

Key Characteristics of Selenium 3:

• Requires manual ChromeDriver path setup
• No built-in driver management
• Uses JSON Wire Protocol (older protocol)

Selenium 4 (Modern Approach) using Selenium Manager   (Built-in from Selenium 4.6+)

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

public class Selenium4AutoDriver {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // No setup needed - Selenium Manager handles it automatically

        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

        driver.get("https://www.google.com");

        System.out.println("Page Title: " + driver.getTitle());

        driver.quit();

    }

}

Key Improvements in Selenium 4:

• Automatic Driver Management:

1. Selenium Manager (built-in)

2. No need for System.setProperty()

2. How to launch a mozilla firefox browser? 

Using Selenium 4 

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.WebDriverManager;

public class LaunchFirefox {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

        driver.get("https://www.google.com");

        System.out.println("Title: " + driver.getTitle());

        driver.quit();

Using Selenium 3 

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:\\path\\to\\geckodriver.exe");

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

3. How to launch a microsoft edge browser? 

Using Selenium 4

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;

import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.WebDriverManager;

public class LaunchEdge {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        WebDriverManager.edgedriver().setup();

        WebDriver driver = new EdgeDriver();

        driver.get("https://www.google.com");

        System.out.println("Title: " + driver.getTitle());

        driver.quit();

    }

}

Using Selenium 3

System.setProperty("webdriver.edge.driver", "C:\\path\\to\\msedgedriver.exe");

WebDriver driver = new EdgeDriver();

4. How to launch a safari browser? (macOS Only)

No WebDriverManager Needed (Built-in)

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.safari.SafariDriver;

public class LaunchSafari {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // Enable Safari Driver in Terminal first:

        // `safaridriver --enable`

        WebDriver driver = new SafariDriver();

        driver.get("https://www.google.com");

        System.out.println("Title: " + driver.getTitle());

        driver.quit();

    }

}

5. How to launch a headless browser? 

Chrome Headless

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;

import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.WebDriverManager;

public class ChromeHeadless {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();

        options.addArguments("--headless=new"); // New headless mode in Selenium 4+

        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);

        driver.get("https://www.google.com");

        System.out.println("Title: " + driver.getTitle());

        driver.quit();

    }

}

Firefox Headless

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxOptions;

import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.WebDriverManager;

public class FirefoxHeadless {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        FirefoxOptions options = new FirefoxOptions();

        options.addArguments("--headless");

        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(options);

        driver.get("https://www.google.com");

        System.out.println("Title: " + driver.getTitle());

        driver.quit();

    }

}